Batch Operating System
It do not interact with computer directly. Each user prepare his job on an offline device like punch card and submit it to the computer operator. To speed up processing jobs, with similar job batched together and run as a group. The programmer leave their programs with the operator and the operator then so store the program with similar requirement into batches.
Disadvantage
- lack of interaction between the user and the job.
- CPU is often Idle, because the speed of the mechanical input device is slower then the CPU.
- Difficult to provide the desired priority.
Time Sharing Operating System
Time sharing is a technique which enables many people, located at various terminals, to use a particular computer system at the same time. Time sharing or multitasking is a logical extension of multiprogramming .Processor's time which is shared among multiple users simultaneously is termed as time sharing.
Multiple jobs are executed by the CPU by switching between them but the switching occur so frequently. Thus the user get immediate response.
For example:- In a transaction processing , the processor executes each user program in a short burst or quantum of computation. That is , if n user are present then each user can get a time quantum .
Advantage
- provide the advantage of quick response.
- Avoid duplication of software.
- Reduces CPU idle time.
Disadvantage
- Problem of reliability.
- Question of security and integrity.
- Problem of data communication.
Distributed Operating System
Distributed application are running on Multiple computers linked by communication. A distribution operating system is an extension of the network operation that supports higher levels of communication and integration of the machines on the network. processor in a distributed system may vary in size and function. These processors are referred as sites , node, computers.
Network Operating System
Network Operating system run on server and provides the server the capability to manage data, user, group, security, application and other network function. It allow shared file and printer access among multiple computers in network(LAN), private network or other network.
For example:- MS window server 2003, Microsoft window server 2008, UNIX, Linux, MACOSX.
Advantage
- Centralized servers are highly stable.
- Security is server managed.
- Upgrade to new technologies and hardware can be easily integrated into the system.
- Remote access to server is possible from different location and type of system.
Disadvantage
- High cost of buying and running a server.
- Dependency on a central location for most operation
- Regular maintenance and update required.
